SRC Baiah Session & New Line Up
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim..
Alhamdulillah, all praises be to Allah, for giving us the opportunity to still be alive in this world, thus we have to fulfill our task and amanah as His SERVANT and KHALIFAH to lead the universe.
On 24th March 2011, at Office of Deputy Rector of Students’ Affairs (ODRSA), IIUM Gombak, we, the new line up for Students’ Represenative Council (SRC) IIUM 2010/2011 session was officially endorsed by the honorable IIUM Rector, Dato’ Seri Dr. Syed Arabi Idid after Bai’ah Session lead by SRC President, Br. Mohd Iqbal Ab Wahab. Thus, all the SRC position for secretariats up until the presidential were also been endorsed. We know that our job and task has started from now on.
I remember what the IIUM Rector said during our meeting, he put his trust towards us as the student leaders, to LEAD the students not only in term of physical aspects (programs & activities), but BE a leader in ALL aspects including behavior, attitude, value etc. And that’s what a LEADER meant for. Community will usually imitate what their leader do. If we instill good and Islamic values in our daily practices, so do they. Am I right? Let’s just ponder.
Another thing we’ve to realize that this SRC leadership tenure will be very short due to the ‘very’ long semester vacation, starting from April-September. We have to RUN instead of WALK! There are too much things to be done and cramped off within this short period of time. However, we pray may Allah give us strength to do our best, to serve the IIUM community, rising up the students’ voice for their welfare right, as well as to maintain good and Islamic environment in our beloved campus. To all our colleagues, we really need your continuous help and support. Let’s work as team, as a family. InsyaAllah, He will guide us along this journey.
With IIUM Rector, Deputy Rector of Student Affairs, and Director of S-Dev
SRC IIUM 10/11 new line-up (Gombak and Kuantan):
PRESIDENT:
MOHAMAD IQBAL AB WAHAB (Kulliyyah of Economics & Management Sciences)
VICE PRESIDENT 1:
SHARIF AHMAD (Kulliyyah of Medicine)
VICE PRESIDENT 2:
MOHAMMAD MOHIUDDIN (Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge & Human Sciences)
VICE PRESIDENT 3:
SITI AMINAH MOHD NAIM (Kulliyyah of Information Communication & Technology)
VICE PRESIDENT 4:
FAUZAN MOHAMED (Kulliyyah of Nursing)
SECRETARY GENERAL:
MAHIRAH ABD RASHID (Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge & Human Sciences)
ASST. SEC. GEN 1:
NIK MUHAMMAD HANIS NEK RAKAMI (Institute of Education)
ASST. SEC. GEN 2:
HANIS ABD RANI (Kulliyyah of Medicine)
TREASURER:
SYAHRIL UZAIR SAHMI HAMEED (Kulliyyah of Engineering)
ASST. TREASURER:
NURUL HANIM OTHMAN (Kulliyyah of Dentistry)
SECRETARIATS:
WELFARE
CHAIRPERSON:
HAFIZUL FARIS CHE RAZLAN (Ahmad Ibrahim Kulliyyah of Law)
CO-CHAIRPERSON:
MIMI NOR SYAHUDDA SETAPANI (
KAMAL AMAR DAHLAN (
SITI AMINAH MUHAMMAD IMRAN (
SPIRITUALITY & ISLAMIZATION:
CHAIRPERSON:
MUHAMMAD FITRY HUSSIN (
CO-CHAIRPERSON:
ABAS ABDULLAHI AHMED (
ANIS NADIA HUSSIN SHOKRI (
PUBLIC RELATION:
CHAIRPERSON:
ADIB FAKHRULLAH AZMI (
CO-CHAIRPERSON:
WAN MOHAMAD HAFIQ ABD JALIL (
MUHAMMAD LUQMAN HAKIM ROOMALI (
NOOR BAITI SOLEHAH NUAWI (
INFORMATION AND MULTIMEDIA:
CHAIRPERSON:
WAN ZULKARNAIN WAN ISMAIL (
CO-CHAIRPERSON:
MUHAMMAD HAFIZUL TAIB (
MUHAMAD SHAFIQ ABU HASSAN (
ACADEMIC AFFAIRS:
CHAIRPERSON:
MOHD RIZWAN MAT ZAIN (
CO-CHAIRPERSON:
NUR ZU’AINI MOHD SARIFUL LIM (
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS:
CHAIRPERSON:
NOMAN BASHIR (
CO-CHAIRPERSON:
HABIB M.A ABU OMER (
MISS HASNA AHMAD (
SPORTS AND CULTURE
CHAIRPERSON:
MOHAMAD AMIR ARIF RAMLI (
CO-CHAIRPERSON:
AHMAD MUSTAQIM ARIFFIN (
New Line-Up
SCIENCE; The Islamic Legacy
In Islamic Spain, Islam’s Golden Age was at first imitated, then exceeded, as scholars poured in from the Muslim east. One example is the ninth-century scholar ‘Abbas ibn Firnas who experimented with flight 699 years before Leonardo da Vinci and constructed a planetarium in which the planets revolved. This reconstruction by Michael Grimsdale, based on descriptions dating to that era, suggests the elaborate gearing that Ibn Firnas had to have developed.
Source: Saudi Aramco World
By: Michael Woods – Pittsburgh Post Gazette – 5/27/2007
TOLEDO, Spain - Islamic medicine and science led the world for centuries while Europe stagnated in the Dark Ages.
From 800 AD to 1500, Arabic was the language of science, as English is today. Muslims occupied Spain, and Europeans flocked to Toledo and other Spanish cities, or traveled great distances to Baghdad or Damascus, to translate Islamic science and medical books into Latin.
Islamic medicine in the year 1000 was a marvel of sophistication, featuring competency tests for doctors, drug purity regulations, hospitals staffed by nurses and interns, advanced surgeries, and other practices beyond the dreams of medieval Europeans.
So why is much of today’s Islamic world a “scientific desert,” to use the stark language of a 2002 article in the journal Nature? Why do many predominantly Muslim countries, home to 1.3 billion people and 75 percent of the world’s oil wealth, neglect science and technology? And how might they recapture their amazing scientific heritage?
These questions have resounded at international, Arab and Islamic scientific conferences and have made headlines in science journals. Here’s how the Nature article summed up the situation in the Middle East, for instance:
“The region is, for the most part, a scientific desert. In some states, oil wealth has allowed the construction of fabulous cities, magnificent mosques and sumptuous shopping malls. But little scientific infrastructure has emerged. Collectively, the Arab nations spend only 0.15 per cent of their gross domestic product on research and development, well below the world average of 1.4 per cent.”
Muslims account for 20 percent of the world’s population, but less than one percent of its scientists. Scientists in Islamic countries now make barely 0.1 percent of the world’s original research discoveries each year.
Authorities on Islamic science cite various reasons for this state of affairs, but the Koran is not among them.
“The Koran actually forms one of the cornerstones of science in Islam in a way unlike any other scripture of any other religion,” said Glen M. Cooper, a professor of the history of science and Islam at Brigham Young University.
“The Koran enjoins the believer and the unbeliever alike to examine nature for signs of the creator’s handiwork, evidence of his existence, and his goodness,” Cooper said. “Reason is revered as one of the most important of God’s gifts to men. The examination of nature led historically into a scientific perspective and program.”
Farkhonda Hassan, a professor at the University of Cairo who has written about barriers to science careers for Islamic women, agreed.
“The teachings of the Holy Prophet of Islam emphasize the acquiring of knowledge as bounden duties of each Muslim from the cradle to the grave, and that the quest for knowledge and science is obligatory upon every Muslim man and woman,” she said. ”One eighth — that is, 750 verses — of the Koran exhort believers to study, to reflect, and to make the best use of reason in their search for the ultimate truth.”
Search they once did.
The rise of Islamic science:
After Muhammad’s death in 632, Muslim armies swept out of the Arabian Peninsula and expanded the borders of Islam east and west.
They absorbed not just land, but also scientific knowledge from India and Greek learning planted centuries earlier by the armies of Alexander the Great. Muslims translated into Arabic the treasures of Hippocrates, Aristotle, Archimedes and other great physicians, philosophers and scientists.
By 711, the Muslims had reached Spain, and they ended up dominating the region until Catholic monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella drove out the last of them in 1492.
The impact of Islam’s discoveries during this period went far beyond individual innovations like algebra or the establishment of models for modern hospitals and universities. The spread of Islamic knowledge to Europe sparked, or at least helped to spark, the Renaissance and scientific revolution of the 17th century.
“It is highly probable that, but for the Arabs, modern European civilization would never have arisen at all,” Sir Thomas Arnold and Alfred Guillaume wrote in their 1997 classic, “The Legacy of Islam.”
Robert Briffault wrote in the “Making of Humanity” in 1938 that "Spain, not Italy, was the cradle of the rebirth of Europe. After steadily sinking lower and lower into barbarism, it had reached the darkest depths of ignorance and degradation when cities of the Saracenic world, Baghdad, Cairo, Cordoba, and Toledo, were growing centers of civilization and intellectual activity. It was there that the new life arose which was to grow into a new phase of human evolution.”
Yet most Americans are completely unaware of Islam’s rich scientific heritage, said George Saliba, a professor of Arabic and Islamic science at Columbia University, and more than a dozen other experts interviewed for this article.
“That is unfortunate, ” Cooper said. ”Much of our modern science and philosophy owes a large debt to Islamic civilization during the Middle Ages for preserving the classical heritage in all intellectual fields, and for improving upon it in many of these fields. If the average American understood this, there would be fewer smug citizens looking down on ‘backward Muslims’ with hate and fear.”
Two reasons Americans are relatively clueless on the subject are the Arabic-English language barrier and a long tradition of U.S. historians focusing on European scientific traditions, said Jeffrey Oaks of the University of Indianapolis.
“Anything not taught in high school is going to escape public consciousness, ” added Thomas F. Glick, an expert on Islamic history at Boston University.
Some historians from mainly Islamic countries see it differently.
“We believe that, for dishonorable purposes, there is in the West an intention to ignore the important scientific role played by Muslim scholars during the medieval age,” said Abdul Nasser Kaadan, a professor with the Institute for the History of Arabic Science at the University of Aleppo in Syria. ”This is to support the allegation that Muslim and Arabic mentality never in the past and not in the future can lead any scientific research.”
Explaining the decline:
So what happened to the once glorious scientific legacy of Islam and Arabia? Experts cite many things.
Universities were an Islamic invention later adopted in Europe, but Muslim universities did not shelter and preserve scientific knowledge during wars and other upheavals. Christian warriors carved up the Islamic empire and cut off contact between great scientific centers. Here in Spain, the Catholic reconquest of Ferdinand and Isabella deprived Islamic science of the great libraries and schools in Cordoba, Seville and Toledo.
Conflicts also cut off science’s lifeblood — cash for research and education. And the Ottomans, who took over much of the Islamic world in the early 1500s, used their resources to make war, not science.
In the 1700s, a puritanical form of Islam took root in Saudi Arabia, with a doctrine that rejected knowledge acquired after the first 300 years of Islam’s existence.
Several scholars said one problem is the lack of awareness among Arabs and Muslims about their own scientific heritage.
“Muslims generally are unaware that their civilization had a high point of superiority in nearly every aspect,” Cooper said. "Their current challenge is to face the fact that the Islamic edge has been completely lost.
“It would be a hard thing, I think, to be part of a religion and culture with such a glorious history as that of Islam, when that glory is all in the distant past, and an essentially godless civilization — from their perspective — enjoys the lead in power and science.”
Eventually, in the United States and Europe, science began paying some of its own bills. Inventions like the telephone, radio, plastics and antibiotics led industry to pour billions into scientific research. In much of the Arab world, science remained dependent on handouts from sultans, kings or caliphs.
“Science and scientific research can flourish only when a country is affluent and has a sound and balanced economy,” said Ahmad Y. al-Hassan, also a faculty member of the Arabic science institute at the University of Aleppo. “But when agriculture is the dominant sector, then a country will remain poor, and when petroleum is the only source of income, then this economy in the long run also is doomed.”
Others also cited Arab oil wealth, and how rulers spend and invest their billions.
“They probably would have been better off without their mineral resources,” said J. J. Witkam of Leiden University in The Netherlands. “It is a corrupting element in any society. But when societies are so unbalanced as most Islamic countries are, then it gets cancerous proportions. "
The United Nations Development Program called oil wealth “a mixed blessing” in a 2003 report that called on Arab countries to reclaim their scientific heritage. It focused on the 22 members of the League of Arab States and their 280 million people.
UNDP pointed out that Arab rulers invest much of their oil money in the United States and other foreign countries, rather than using it to develop their own nations, and import technical know-how instead of educating ample numbers of their own citizens to be scientists and engineers. The report also cited “the pursuit of personal gain, the preference for the private over the public good, social and moral corruption, the absence of honesty and accountability and many other illnesses.”
Signs of rebirth? :
The UNDP report also described what’s needed to re-energize scientific inquiry in Arab and Islamic societies.
It included relatively straightforward suggestions like reinventing new systems of government in some countries. One called for “guaranteeing the key freedoms of opinion, speech, and assembly through good governance bounded by law.” Some involved correcting tenacious problems like poverty and unemployment.
“Our civilization once supported a knowledge society that was the envy of the world,” said Rima Khalaf Hunaidi, a U.N. assistant secretary general who helped prepare the report. ”They will do so again if we clear away the defective social, economic and political structures we have piled upon them. We can free our minds to reason without fear; free our people’s souls to breathe.”
Columbia University’s Saliba echoed the need to focus on education.
“What’s needed to increase research in Islamic countries?,” he asked. “The same thing that is needed in any other country: priority on education, funding, training of teachers, building better relations between school and home, educating the parents, allocating higher budgets for education than for defense — a situation that is not too different from what we face in this country, as well.”
Arab scientists and governments are making some progress.
In 2000, a group of leading scientists formed the Arab Science and Technology Foundation in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. The emirates are among a handful of Arab countries — which include Egypt, Pakistan, and Jordan — that are investing more in science education and research.
Sheikh Sultan Bin Mohammed Al-Qassimi, the ruler of Sharjah, donated $1 million from his own pocket to start the science foundation and provided its $5-million headquarters building. The foundation hopes to raise $100 million so it can provide research grants and encourage Arab scientists in other countries to return home.
The emir of Qatar is backing the Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development, which is building a vast “Education City” featuring branch campuses of Carnegie Mellon and Cornell universities.
“The pendulum can swing back,” wrote Ibrahim B. Syed of the University of Louisville in an article about Islamic medicine:
“One thousand years ago the Muslims were the great torchbearers of international scientific research. Every student and professional from each country outside the Islamic Empire aspired, yearned, and dreamed to go to Islamic universities to learn, to work, to live and to lead a comfortable life in an affluent and most advanced and civilized society.
“Islamic countries have the opportunity and resources to make Islamic science and medicine number one in their world once again.”
InsyaAllah..!
Source:
Islamic Medical Association of Malaysia (IMAM) U.K
http://imamuk.wordpress.com/2010/03/28/islam-once-at-forefront-of-science/
Menentang Sisa Radioaktif: Kronologi Kejadian Asian Rare Earth di Bukit Merah
Petikan dari: http://sisaradioaktif.blogspot.com/
Blog ini diwujudkan dengan tujuan untuk mendidik orang awam tentang bahaya yang boleh diakibatkan oleh pemprosesan ‘rare earth’. Ramai yang belum pernah mendengar tentang ‘rare earth’, apatah lagi akibat buruk yang boleh datang daripadanya. Pemprosesan ‘rare earth’ menghasilkan sisa radioaktif dan sisa radioaktif ini amat berbahaya bukan sahaja kepada manusia tetapi seluruh ekosistem.
Tragedi yang menimpa penduduk-penduduk di Bukit Merah, Perak sekitar tahun 1982-87 eloklah dijadikan teladan. Ramai yang telah meninggal dunia akibat pendedahan kepada sisa-sisa radioaktif – leukemia, kanser, kelahiran bayi cacat dan sebagainya.
Sejarah mungkin bakal mengulang. Sebuah syarikat Australia kini membina kilang memproses ‘rare earth’ di Kawasan Perindustrian Gebeng yang terletak di Kuantan, Pahang. Pemprosesan ‘rare earth’ ini dikhuatiri akan mencemari sumber air dan seterusnya mengakibatkan kejadian seperti di Bukit Merah, Perak. Kesan jangkamasa panjang yang akan diakibatkan amatlah ketara kerana sisa
radioaktif tidak mudah reput.
Tuan-tuan dan puan-puan,
Nyawa anda, anak-anak anda, cucu-cucu anda dan cicit anda adalah dalam tangan anda sekarang.
Anda rakyat prihatin. Selamatkan generasi masa depan kita. Bersuaralah dan hentikan pemprosesan ‘rare earth’ di Kuantan sebelum terlambat.
Kronologi Kejadian Asian Rare Earth di Bukit Merah
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Berikut adalah kronologi penetangan Asian Rare Earth (ARE) di Bukit Merah, Ipoh sehingga penutupannya pada 19 Januari, 1994.
Anda rakyat prihatin. Selamatkan generasi masa depan kita. Bersuaralah dan hentikan pemprosesan ‘rare earth’ di Kuantan sebelum terlambat.
1979
November: Syarikat Asian Rare Earth (ARE) dibentuk untuk mengekstrak itrium (sejenis unsur nadir bumi) daripada monazit. Pemegang saham utamanya ialah Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd (35%), Beh Minerals (35%), Lembaga Urusan dan Tabung Haji (20%) dan beberapa peniaga bumiputera (10%). Pihak ARE telah mendapatkan pandangan dari Pusat Penyelidikan Atom Tun Dr. Ismail (Puspati), Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Alam Sekitar mengenai sisa buangan radioaktif yang dihasilkan melalui pemerosesan monazit. Adalah diputuskan, sisa buangan itu yang menjadi milik kerajaan Negeri Perak akan disimpan kerana berpotensi sebagai sumber tenaga nuklear.
1982
Jun: Penduduk Parit, Perak mendapat tahu kerajaan telah memilih kawasan seluas sembilan ekar, kira-kira 6 km dari penempatan mereka untuk dijadikan tapak penimbunan sisa radioaktif syarikat ARE.
30 Jun: Ekoran bantahan hebat daripada jawatankuasa penduduk serta lain-lain pertubuhan politik dan sosial, kerajaan membatalkan cadangan itu dan kemudian mula mencari tapak baru.
11 Julai: Kilang ARE mula beroperasi di KM 7.2, Jalan Lahat di Bukit Merah.
1983
November: Penduduk Papan (kira-kira 16 km dari Ipoh) mendapat tahu ARE sedang mengorek lubang berhampiran tempat kediaman mereka untuk dijadikan tapak buangan sisa radioaktif. Tapak itu merupakan pilihan kerajaan
1984
24 Mei: Kira-kira 6,700 penduduk Papan dan pekan-pekan yang berhampiran menandatangani satu surat bantahan dan menghantarnya kepada Perdana Menteri, Menteri Besar Perak, Menteri Kesihatan serta Menteri Sains, Teknologi dan Alam Sekitar.
31 Mei: Seramai 200 penduduk Papan membantah tapak pembuangan yang dicadangkan. Mereka menyekat jalan yang menuju ke tapak itu.
5 Jun: Perdana Menteri berkata, kerajaan telah mengambil segala langkah berjaga-jaga untuk memastikan keselamatannya dan menegaskan pembinaan tapak buangan radioaktif di Papan akan diteruskan.
18 Jun: Kira-kira 300 penduduk Papan sekali lagi mengadakan tunjuk perasaan sebagai membantah tapak buangan yang dicadangkan.
28 Jun: Menteri Sain, Teknologi dan Alam Sekitar, Datuk Amar Stephen Yong berkata, tapak buangan Papan adalah selamat kerana dibina mengikut piawaian yang ketat. Beliau mencabar pengkritik supaya membuktikan tapak itu boleh mengancam kesihatan dan alam sekitar. Sementara itu, ARE meneruskan operasinya dengan menimbun sisa torium di sebuah kawasan terbuka dan kolam berhampiran kilang itu.
1 Julai: Kira-kira 3,000 penduduk termasuk wanita dan kanak-kanak mengadakan tunjuk perasaan secara aman sebagai membantah tapak buangan tersebut.
4 Julai: Seramai 2,000 orang penduduk terus mengadakan tunjuk perasaan meskipun Ketua Polis Perak memberi arahan supaya bersurai.
18 Julai: Pembentukan Jawatankuasa Bertindak Bukit Merah, terdiri daripada penduduk Bukit Merah, Lahat, Menglembu dan Taman Badri Shah, sebagai tanda sokongan kepada penduduk Papan. Sahabat Alam Malaysia (SAM) menghantar satu memorandum kepada Perdana Menteri memaklumkan paras radiasi yang tinggi telah dikesan dikawasan kolam terbuka berhampiran kilang ARE di Bukit Merah. Satu bacaan yang dicatat oleh pegawai-pegawai SAM sewaktu berkunjung ke situ ialah 43,800 milirem/tahun. Paras ini melebihi 88 kali paras maksimum yang ditetapkan oleh Suruhanjaya Antarabangsa bagi Perlindungan Radiologi (ICRP) untuk orang ramai.
29 Ogos: Michael O ‘Riordan dari Lembaga Perlindungan Radiologi Kebangsaan British dijemput oleh kerajaan untuk memeriksa tapak buangan toksik di Papan.
19 September: Sekumpulan tiga orang dari Agensi Tenaga Atom Antarabangsa (IAEA) Pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu mengunjugi tapak
buangan di Papan atas jemputan kerajaan Malaysia. Mereka mengisytiharkan tapak buangan itu tidak selamat.
5 Oktober: Dr William Cannell, seorang ahli fizik dan penganalisis kesihatan menerima jemputan penduduk Papan untuk melawat tapak buangan tersebut. Hasil pemerhatian beliau mendapati kerja-kerja kejuruteraan yang dijalankan oleh syarikat terbabit sangat buruk.
21 Oktober: Seorang pakar dari Amerika dan bekas ahli jawatankuasa Akademi Sains Kebangsaan Amerika bagi kesan-kesan Biologi Radiasi Mengion (BEIR), Dr Edward Radford, atas jemputan penduduk Papan, membuat tinjauan di tapak buangan sisa itu. Beliau dapati tapak itu tidak sesuai sementara lubang-lubang yang digali mempunyai dinding yang nipis atau sudah merekah.
7 November: Seorang pakar buangan sisa industri dari Jepun, Dr. Jun Ui, menerima jemputan penduduk Papan untuk memeriksa tapak buangan ARE. Beliau juga mendapati tapak itu tidak sesuai dijadikan kawasan penimbunan sisa berbahaya.
28 November: Kabinet membincangkan laporan-laporan yang diserahkan oleh dua badan kawalan. Laporan yang dikemukan oleh Lembaga Perlindungan Radiologi Kebangsaan British (NRPB) berkata, penduduk hanya akan selamat jika faktor-faktor tertentu diberi perhatian oleh kerajaan Perak dan syarikat ARE. Laporan kedua oleh IAEA pula berkata, lubang-lubang yang dibina tidak memenuhi syarat-syarat yang ditetapkan.
9 Disember: Lebih 1,500 penduduk di Papan mengadakan mogok lapar selama sehari sebagai membantah keputusan kerajaan untuk meneruskan rancangan menempatkan tapak buangan sisa di Papan. Penduduk Bukit Merah membawa masuk seorang pakar radiasi dan genetik dari Jepun, Profesor Sadao Ichikawa untuk mengukur paras radiasi di kawasan terbuka dan kolam berhampiran kilang ARE. Beliau dapati paras radiasi di situ terlalu tinggi malah paras tertinggi yang dicatatkan melebihi 800 kali paras yang dibenarkan.
12 Disember: Timbalan Perdana Menteri, Datuk Musa Hitam menunjukkan minat secara peribadi terhadap perkembangan isu Papan ini. Beliau mengunjungi tapak buangan tersebut.
1985
11 Januari: Selepas mesyuarat kabinet yang dipengerusikan oleh Timbalan Perdana Menteri ketika itu, Datuk Musa Hitam, kerajaan mengambil keputusan memindahkan tapak buangan sisa ke Mukim Belanja di Banjaran Kledang yang terletak kira-kira 5 km dari Papan dan 3 km dari Menglembu.
1 Februari: Lapan orang penduduk, bagi pihak diri mereka sendiri dan penduduk Bukit Merah membuat satu permohonan di Mahkamah Tinggi Ipoh menahan ARE daripada mengeluar, menyimpan atau menimbun sisa radioaktif di sekitar kampung tersebut.
Akta Perlesenan Tenaga Atom 1984 dikuatkuasakan. Ia memastikan pengendali bahagian pemasangan nuklear (termasuk kerajaan) bertanggungjawab terhadap ancaman nuklear. Lima ahli Lembaga Perlesenan Tenaga Atom (AELB) dibentuk di bawah Akta itu, dengan perwakilan dari Puspati, Kementerian Kesihatan serta Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Alam Sekitar.
14 Oktober: Hakim Anuar Datuk Zainal Abidin di Mahkamah Tinggi Ipoh memberikan kepada penduduk Bukit Merah perintah menahan dan menghentikan ARE daripada mengeluar dan menimbun bahan sisa radioaktif sehingga langkah-langkah keselamatan yang secukupnya diambil. Lebih daripada 1,500 penduduk Bukit Merah hadir di mahkamah untuk mendengar keputusan itu.
1986
22 September: ARE mendakwa ia telah membelanjakan lebih RM2 juta untuk meningkatkan langkah-langkah keselamatan (sepertimana yang dikehendaki oleh perintah mahkamah), diikuti oleh piawaian IAEA. Ia menjemput pakar tenaga atom dari Amerika, Dr E.E. Fowler (Bekas kakitangan IAEA) untuk mengunjungi kilang berkenaan. Menurut beliau, paras radiasi berhampiran kawasan pembuangan yang disediakan oleh ARE memenuhi piawaian ICRP dan beliau dapati kilang itu selamat untuk beroperasi.
5 Oktober: Kira-kira 3,000 penduduk Bukit Merah dan kawasan sekitarnya mengadakan tunjuk perasaan terhadap rancangan ARE untuk menimbun sisa radioaktif di tapak kekalnya di Banjaran Kledang.
28 Oktober: Profesor Sadao Ichikawa dalam kunjungan kali keduanya ke Bukit Merah mendapati paras radiasi di sekitar kilang ARE masih melebihi paras yang dibenarkan. Beliau dilarang masuk ke dalam kilang itu.
16 November: Sekumpulan penyiasat dari AELB memeriksa beberapa buah tapak buangan sisa torium yang dilonggokkan secara haram di Bukit Merah. Mereka dibantu oleh bekas kontraktor ARE, Ng Toong Foo yang pernah membuang sisa di situ. Bacaan di salah sebuah tapak ialah 0.05 – 0.10 milirem/jam (iaitu 438 - 876 milirem/tahun) melebihi paras keselamatan maksimum 0.057 milirem/jam yang ditetapkan oleh ICRP.
26 November: Perwakilan dari tujuh kawasan (Bukit Merah, Lahat, Taman Badri Shah, Menglembu, Papan, Falim dan Guntong) membentuk sebuah jawatankuasa Anti-Radioaktif Perak (PARC).
8 Disember: Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri, Encik Kasitah Gadam berkata hasil pemeriksaan AELB di dua tapak buangan haram Bukit Merah mendapati paras radiasi di situ adalah selamat. Menurutnya, sungguhpun AELB mendapati paras radiasi di situ melebihi paras normal, ini tidak membahayakan kerana tapak-tapak itu sangat sedikit bilangannya.
1987
6 Februari: Tanpa mempedulikan perintah Mahkamah Tinggi Ipoh kepada ARE supaya menghentikan operasi, AELB Malaysia memberikan lesen kepada ARE supaya meneruskan operasinya.
10 April: PARC menjemput 14 pakar asing untuk datang ke Bukit Merah-pengasas-pengasas Institut Antarabangsa bagi Kepentingan Awam di Kanada, Dr Rosalie Bertell; Setiausaha Pusat Keselamatan Industri dan Kepentingan Alam Sekitar di India, V.T. Pathmanaban; dan Presiden Institut Kesihatan dan Tenaga di Amerika Syarikat, Kathleen Tucker merupakan antara mereka yang dilarang memasuki kawasan ARE. Dalam satu forum yang berlangsung di Bukit Merah, pakar-pakar itu membuat kesimpulan bahawa ARE mendedahkan pelbagai ancaman kesihatan yang serius.
12 April: Kira-kira 10,000 orang penduduk berarak di Bukit Merah sebagai membantah operasi yang dijalankan semula oleh ARE.
24 Mei: Kira-kira 300 orang penduduk diperintahkan bersurai oleh anggota Unit Simpanan Persekutuan (FRU) berhampiran ARE. Lebih 20 orang, termasuk tiga wanita mengalami kecederaan dalam dua pertelingkahan pada hari itu. Seramai 60 orang ditahan oleh pihak polis. Semua kecuali enam dibebaskan kemudian selepas disoal-siasat. Keenam-enam pemuda itu dibebaskan seminggu kemudian di mana pihak polis tidak mengenakan sebarang tuduhan. Penduduk menghalang kerja-kerja membina jalan yang menuju ke tapak buangan kekal di Banjaran Kledang yang dicadangkan.
23 Julai: Seorang doktor Kanada, Bernie Lau, diupah oleh PARC untuk meletakkan alat pengesan gas radon di luar kilang ARE. Beliau berjaya mengesan sejumlah gas radon dibebaskan daripada kilang itu.
Terdahulu dari itu, Menteri Sains, Teknologi dan Alam Sekitar Datuk Amar Stephen Yong berkata, kerajaan berpuas hati dengan laporan penilaian kesan alam sekitar bagi tapak buangan kekal yang dicadangkan itu. Penilaian itu dijalankan oleh ARE bersama beberapa orang pegawai Kementerian.
7 September: Perbicaraan saman yang dikemukakan oleh lapan orang penduduk Bukit Merah terhadap ARE bermula di hadapan Hakim Peh Swee Chin di Mahkamah Tinggi Ipoh. Sebagai mengetengahkan nasib mereka, para penyokong PARC berjalan sejauh 8 km dari Bukit Merah ke Ipoh. Polis menyuraikan tunjuk perasaan mereka berhampiran Menglembu. Sembilan orang ditahan tetapi dibebaskan setelah diikat jamin. Kira-kira 1,000 orang hadir di mahkamah sebagai menunjukkan sokongan mereka.
11 September: Para penduduk berarak dari Bukit Merah ke Mahkamah Tinggi Ipoh pada hari terakhir perbicaraan. Jumlah mereka yang hadir dianggarkan 3,000 orang.
18 Spetember: Penduduk Bukit Merah mengemukakan permohonan perbicaraan kerana menghina mahkamah terhadap ARE memandangkan ia melanggar perintah menahan operasi yang diberikan oleh Mahkamah Tinggi Ipoh kepada mereka pada tahun 1985.
27 Oktober: Lebih 100 orang yang ditahan di bawah Akta Keselamatan Dalam Negeri (ISA). Di antaranya termasuklah pengerusi PARC, Hew Yoon Tat; timbalannya, Hiew Yew Lan; (bekas) setiausaha PARC, Lee Koon Bun; ahli jawatankuasa, Phang Kooi Yau dan peguam Pengguna Pulau Pinang (CAP) yang mewakili plaintif Bukit Merah, Meenakshi Raman. Merek dibebaskan selepas dua bulan.
November: ARE mula membina tapak buangan kekal sisa toksik di Banjaran Kledang.
1988
25 Januari: Perbicaraan disambung semula.
1990
13 Februari: Perbicaraan tamat selepas berlansung selama 65 hari dan berlanjutan lebih 32 bulan.
1992
11 Julai: Penduduk Bukit Merah memenangi kes saman terhadap ARE. Mahkamah mengarahkan penutupan kilang ARE dalam tempoh 14 hari. Pihak ARE pula mengumumkan ia akan membuat rayuan di Mahkamah Agung.
23 Julai: ARE mengemukan rayuan di Mahkamah Agung berhubung perintah Mahkamah Tinggi Ipoh supaya operasinya dihentikan. Pengerusi PARC Hew Yoon Tat dan salah seorang plaintif dalam saman terhadap ARE, Lau Fong Fatt menemui kakitangan atasan Mitsubishi Chemical di Jepun. Mereka diberitahu ARE mengemukan rayuan tanpa kebenaran syarikat itu.
24 Julai: Berikutan permohonan ex-parte oleh ARE, Hakim Besar Mahkamah Agung menahan (sehingga perintah selanjutnya) perintah Mahkamah Tinggi Ipoh kepada ARE supaya menghentikan operasinya.
3 Ogos: Lebih 2,000 orang dari Bukit Merah hadir di Mahkamah Agung untuk mendengar rayuan ARE terhadap perintah Mahkamah Tinggi Ipoh yang menggantung operasinya. Bagaimanapun, hakim-hakim Mahkamah Agung Menangguhkan perbicaraan kepada 5 Ogos kerana ‘tekanan oleh mereka yang berpiket di luar mahkamah.’
5 Ogos: Mahkamah Agung membenarkan permohonan ARE untuk menolak perintah Mahkamah Tinggi yang meminta ARE menghentikan operasinya berikutan rayuan syarikat berkenaan. Menurut hakim-hakim itu, penutupan tersebut akan menyulitkan kilang dan 183 pekerjanya.
1993
15 Mac: Perbicaraan rayuan yang dikemukan oleh ARE di Mahkamah Agung ditangguhkan pada 7 Jun.
7 Jun: Perbicaraan mendengar rayuan ARE sekali lagi ditangguhkan ke satu tarikh yang akan diberitahu kelak.
1994
19 Januari: Pengumuman syarikat ARE untuk menghentikan operasi.
Wallahua'lam.
SAVE KUANTAN..!!
Peace no war.
